Stigmas of the Tamil Stage

Stigmas of the Tamil Stage is the first in-depth study of Special Drama, a form of performance unique to the southernmost Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Held in villages throughout the region, Special Drama performances last from 10 p.m. until dawn. The first two hours are filled with bawdy comedy; the remaining six are taken up with more staid dramatic performances. There are no theatrical troupes; individual artists are contracted specially for each event. While performers vary widely in age, caste, and religious affiliations, class is a common denominator: all of them come from the ranks of the poor. Special Drama is looked down upon by middle- and upper-class Indians as too popular, too mixed-up, and, in the case of the comedic performances, too vulgar. The artists are intensely stigmatized: people insult them in public and landlords refuse to rent to them. Female actors are frowned upon not only for their participation in Special Dramas but also for violating the circumscribed boundaries of activities acceptable for women. Susan Seizer learned the Tamil language in order to learn about performance in Tamil Nadu, and in this rich ethnography, she explores Special Drama performers' lives on and off stage. As Seizer's sensitive study shows, one of the primary ways the performers deal with their stigmatization is through humour and language. Their comedic scenes directly address questions of class, culture, and gender--the very issues that have made them outcasts. Stigmas of the Tamil Stage draws on extensive interviews with performers, sponsors, and agents; more than one hundred viewings of live Special Drama performances; and conversations with audience members. Seizer discusses the history of Special Drama and its place in Tamil society. She provides in-depth analyses of three popular, recurring comedy scenes to show how performers negotiate their stigma on stage. Looking at their lives off stage, she describes their speech, domestic arrangements, and attempts to blend into Tamil public life.